Present Perfect Simple

THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

The Present Perfect Simple is used to express an action which continues to the present, to express an experience, to express a result and it has just finished.

          I. FORM
          Positive 

Subject + have / has + Past Participle + ...
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I, We, You, They	have	worked	in a car factory.
He, She, It	has	worked	in a car factory.

          Negative 

Subject + have / has + not + Past Participle + ...
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I, We, You, They	have not	worked	in a car factory.
He, She, It	has not	worked	in a car factory.

          Question

Have / Has + Subject + Past Participle + ...?
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Have	I, we, you, they	worked	in a car factory.?
Has	he, she, it	worked	in a car factory.?

          II. USE
          1. To express an action which continues to the present.
                    - You have lived in Phnom Penh.
                    - They have made Coca-Cola in Cambodia.
                    - They have studied English.

          2. To express an experience.
                    - Have you ever traveled by plane?     - Yes, I have.
                    - I have ever traveled by ship.
                    - I have ever been to Angkor Wat.

          3. To express a result and it has just finished.
                    - The plane has just taken off.
                    - He has just woken up.
                    - They have just had a meal.

The Present Perfect Simple : For, Since, Just, Already, Yet

          1. We can use the Present Perfect Simple  with "for" and "since", to talk about situations or actions in a period of time from the past until now. We use "for" with a period of time (e.g. three months), and "since" with a time (e.g. Tuesday).

                    - We've lived here for six months.

                    - I have not seen Tom since Tuesday.

          2. We use "just" with the Present Perfect Simple to talk about things that happened a short time before now.

                    - Could I speak to Jane, please?    I'm afraid she has just left. 
                    - Is that a good book?  I don't know. I have just started it.


          3. We use "already" with the Present Perfect Simple to emphasize that something happened before now, or before it was expected to happen.

                    - Do you want something to eat?  No, thanks, I have already eaten.

          4. We use "yet" with a negative verb to say that something has not happened, but we think that it will happen.
                    - The post has not arrived yet.
                    - Has it stopped raining yet?

Notice that we usually put "yet" as the end of a negative or question statement.

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Practice 1
Practice 2
Practice 3
Practice 4
Practice 5
Practice 6

Next to Present Perfect Continuous >>

Categories: Grammar